Remember, as it was said in Harry Potter: “Horcrux is the complete opposite of human nature.” The same can be said about phones! Charging strengthens people, and phones – wears out and kills.
There are a great many charging standards now, one faster than the other. Let's take a look at how many different ways manufacturers have invented to kill batteries in our phones.
Let's start with the basics – what is power? In order to get the charging power, you need to multiply the amperes by volts. In modern chargers, you will get power in the region of 18-25W. The larger this figure, the better. Those who have been following this market for a long time know that 25W chargers appeared back in 2015. Manufacturers present new versions of their standards every year. What is improving in them?
The fact is that the closer the battery charge is to 100%, the slower each next percentage point begins to increase. This is physics. Therefore, the total charging time of batteries from 0 to 100% has not changed for quite a long time, averaging just over an hour. The whole battle in the new versions of fast charging standards is for accelerating the charging of the first 50% of the battery. And the total charging time of the entire battery can grow by a scanty 5-20%.
Among fans Android there is a sacramental question: why do manufacturers saw each of their own self-made launchers instead of using Google's one? The answer is to stand out from the competition. For the same reason, manufacturers began to create their own proprietary, incompatible fast charging standards. Qualcomm, MediaTek, Samsung, BBK / OPPO / OnePlus, Huawei, Meizu, Lenovo (Motorola) and many others. The times when you had to ask to borrow a charger for a specific phone are back again.
Qualcomm Quick Charge has almost become an industry standard. The latest iteration of the standard is version 4+, which gives the smartphone 50% charge in 20 minutes (3200 mAh battery). Qualcomm boasts high efficiency, a wide range of ambient temperatures and almost no heating of the battery when charging. Quick Charge is good for everyone, but its days, like all other standards, are still numbered. Unification is coming (sinister laughter).
Dash / VOOC. OnePlus, widely known in narrow circles, is promoting the proprietary Dash Charge standard, which is a simplified and degraded variation of the VOOC standard used by the parent company OPPO. Dash reduced the power from 25W to 20W and moved the charge controller from the smartphone to the power supply, which is why the user is doomed to use exclusively branded USB cables. Dash / VOOC, unlike QC, does not raise the voltage for fast charging, but the amperage. Thanks to this, the problem of heating the battery during charging, which was solved only in the latest versions of QC, did not exist at all for OPPO and 1+.
Pump Express from MediaTek also has its own feature. The battery is charged directly (bypassing the built-in controller), the power supply is engaged in monitoring the temperature and operating mode. MediaTek for some reason does not publish a complete list of all compatible chipsets. For support for fast charging, see the description of the smartphone. The numbers, however, are not amazing: Meizu Pro 6 with a 2560 mAh battery can be charged up to 100% in an hour.
Adaptive Fast Charging from Samsung and Super Charge from Huawei are not impressive either. If you have never heard these names, then you have not lost anything at all. There is not even much to tell about them.
Super mCharge from Meizu has a lot of power, it gives up to 55 watts. The interest here is how the power supply will check if the cable is suitable for such power. There is no evidence that the PSU checks the cables for compatibility. This means that a thrifty user can easily start a small fire for himself.
Promised unification 
As always, the user suffers from so many incompatible proprietary standards. Incompatible power adapters, incompatible power banks, incompatible public chargers, only proprietary USB cables … Google may be the savior here, which encourages manufacturers to use a single open standard for fast charging – USB Power Delivery. In addition to being an open standard that is part of USB, another major advantage is that it is designed for a wide variety of devices and can deliver up to 100W. In the future, this will make it possible to abandon the additional power cable for all peripherals, even the monitor will be connected to the system unit with only one USB Type-C cable.
Qualcomm has already added USB-PD support to QC 4+, the USB forum has a significant impact on motherboard, laptop and peripheral manufacturers. If Google is persistent in forcing the unification of smartphone manufacturers at Android, then we will finally have a single standard for everything. And general happiness will come))
About the frailty of batteries
I have to say that I am much more concerned about the progress in battery longevity than the rate at which they charge. Dash Charge in 15 minutes charges my 1 + 5 by 29% (3300 mAh battery), this is already enough. The fact that manufacturers are fighting for charge speed much more than for battery longevity makes me personally think about conspiracy theories about planned obsolescence. By comparison, Tesla has an 8-year warranty on the batteries in its electric vehicles. Moreover, the guarantee is unconditional – without limiting the mileage and the number of recharge cycles. This means that all the technologies that ensure battery longevity are in place. Motorola tried experimenting in the US with a four-year unconditional guarantee for a shatterproof display in the Moto X Force. The manufacturer, which gives the same for the battery, will hit the jackpot. Hopefully something like this awaits us in the Pixel 3. It's much more attractive than unlimited cloud.
What do you think? When and from whom should we expect a smartphone with a long-lasting battery?